What Happened in 1814 — Events, Births & Deaths

Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes the Kingdom of Norway to Charles XIII of Sweden in return for Pomerania.

War of the Sixth Coalition: France engages Russia and Prussia in the Battle of Brienne.

The last of the River Thames frost fairs comes to an end.

Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Champaubert ends in French victory over the Russians and the Prussians.

War of the Sixth Coalition: The Battle of Mormant.

Emperor Napoleon I of France wins the Battle of Craonne.

Emperor Napoleon I is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.

War of 1812: In the Battle of Valparaíso, two American naval vessels are captured by two Royal Navy vessels.

Allied forces under the Duke of Wellington attack Toulouse held by Marshall Soult, driving out the French after fierce fighting.

War of 1812: American forces capture Fort Erie from British troops in Upper Canada.

The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is established.

War of 1812: The ultimately unsuccessful Siege of Fort Erie begins as British forces attempt to recapture the fort and drive American forces out of Canada.

American Indian Wars: The Creek sign the Treaty of Fort Jackson, giving up huge parts of Alabama and Georgia.

The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Netherlands, is signed in London, England.

Chilean War of Independence: Infighting between the rebel forces of José Miguel Carrera and Bernardo O'Higgins erupts in the Battle of Las Tres Acequias.

Battle of Baltimore: The poem Defence of Fort McHenry is written by Francis Scott Key. The poem is later used as the lyrics of The Star-Spangled Banner.

War of 1812: The destruction of the schooner USS Carolina brings to an end Commodore Daniel Patterson's makeshift fleet, which fought a series of delaying actions that contributed to Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans.